biological parameters of chrysoperla carnea (stephens) feeding on common pistachio psylla treated by three plant extracts and amitraz

the green lacewing chrysoperla carnea (stephens) (neuroptera: chrysopidae) is one of the important natural enemies of pest insects. present study conducted to evaluate the side effects of some plant extracts, calotropis procera (willd.) r. br. (asclepiadaceae), fumaria parviflora lam. (fumariaceae), eucalyptus spp. (myrtaceae) and pesticide amitraz on biological parameters of the second instar larvae of the green lacewingon. experiments were conducted at controlled conditions (26 ±20 c, 60±5 rh and 16:8 h-l:d)feeding on common pistachio psylla, agonoscena pistaciae burckhardt and lauterer using two methods of exposure, ingestion and topical application. results showed that total developmental period (second instar larva to adult) when 2nd instar larvae was treated with c. procera extract and amitraz was longer than control (water). results showed that maximum survival period for adult was observed in eucalyptus spp. with 127 days and minimum with 110 and 113 days in amitraz, and c. procera treatment. there was no significant difference between, treatments with control. in topical application method, there was no significant difference between treatment effects on developmental period in immature stage. the developmental period for f. parviflora treatment with 22.76 was the highest and for c. procera treatment with 21.96 was the lowest. the results showed that predators feeding on infected psylhay more local exposure to pesticides. increase effect of treatments on developmental stages of predator with increase of life, shows the effects of sub lethal effect of treatments.